Ang’o momiyo gik ma itiyogo e mbui tiyo kod 25MHz kod gik ma ng’ato nyalo ng’iyogo kaka Frekwensi?

Ang’o momiyo gik ma itiyogo e mbui tiyo kod 25MHz kod gik ma ng’ato nyalo ng’iyogo kaka Frekwensi?

E gik ma itiyogo kaka kadi mag mbui, swich, routa, kod gige Ethernet, yiero mar frekwensi mar kristal ma itiyogo luwore gi tije madongo mag gik ma itiyogo, dwaro mag chip, kod chike mag tudruok. Tiyo gi kristal ma nigi frekwensi mar 25MHz kod gik mathoth mage, en nikech sistem mar frekwensi ni luwore ahinya gi chike mag Ethernet, yore mag tudruok, kod loso chip, ma miyo loso gikmoko bedo mayot, dwoko piny nengo, kendo loso gikmoko maber. Ochiw lero matut piny kae:

I. Ang’o momiyo onego oyier 25MHz kaka Frekwensi mar Base?

25MHz ok en kwan ma oyier kaka ng’ato dwaro. Ne otiyogo ahinya nikech en gi winjruok mar namba mang’eny ma nigi frekwensi mathoth madongo e tudruok mar mbui, ma konyo e dwoko kata pogo frekwensi.

1.1 Oromo gi Dwaro mag Frekwensi Mapile mag Eternet

100BASE{1}}TX): Tiyo gi saa mar 25MHz kaka frekwensi mar oro weche.

Ethernet mar gigabit (1000BASE{1}}T): Tiyo gi sa mar 125MHz, maen en 25MHz × 5.

10GbE (10 Gigabit Ethernet) kod ma malo: Kata obedo ni frekwensi maduong’ mar saa ni malo (kaka, 156.25MHz), kinde mang’eny inyalo yude kuom medo ng’injo mar kristal ma 25MHz kokalo kuom PLL.

25MHz, kaka frekwensi mar saa ma ng’ato nyalo ng’iyogo, nyalo konyo e yo ma ok owinjore kata ma ok ochung’ne frekwensi mag tiyo mag PHY/MAC ne ng’wech maduong’ mar Ethernet.

II. Bedo mayot mar keto weche e tim

2.1 Medo kwan mar frekwensi mayot kokalo kuom PLL

Chip mag mbui (kaka PHY, MAC, kod chip mag switch) kinde ka kinde tiyo kod sakiut mag PLL (Phase Locked Loop) e iye mondo okel frekwensi mag saa ma tiyo.

MHz ×2=50MHz

MHz ×4=100MHz

MHz ×5=125MHz

25MHz ×6.25=156.25MHz (ne 10GbE)

Kaka 25MHz en frekwensi ma yot -to -kwano namba ma piny, omiyo loso PLL bedo mayot, omiyo nyalo mar geng’o mapiyo, kendo miyo ng’ato bedo gi nyalo mar ng’ado bura maber.

2.2 Owinjore gi Dwaro mag Chip madongo

Jomathoth ma loso chip mag gige mbui (kaka Broadcom, Realtek, Marvell, Intel, kod mamoko) siro maler 25MHz kristal osilator e dwaro mar saa mar PHY kata MAC maggi, kata chiwo yore mag tiyo mar 25MHz.

III. Ber ma yudore e EMC, loso sakiut, kod nengo

3.1 Loch maber mar EMI kod adier mar signal ma malo

Ka opim gi osilator mag kristal ma nigi frekwensi mamalo (kaka, 50MHz, 100MHz, 125MHz, 150MHz, kod 200MHz), 25MHz chiwo ber madongo e weche mag ketho ler mar stima (EMI):

Frekwensi ma piny mar fundamental miyo bedo gi gik matin ma nyalo ketho winjore;

Yore mag PCB yot mondo oluw chike mag loso mar EMI;

Dwaro ma piny mag ute kod tim makare mar teko, ma konyo keto sistem e riwruok.

3.2 Osilator mag kristal madongo, motegno, kendo ma nigi nengo -

25MHz kristal osilator gin moko kuom frekwensi ma itiyogo ahinya e tich mar gik mag elektronik, kendo gin gi ber maluwogi:

Gik mathoth ma ok ni e shelf kod kitgi mopogore opogore;

Nengo ma piny mar loso gikmoko kod nengo ma yot mar nyieo mwandu;

Oganda madongo ma nigi kinde machuok mag tero gikmoko kendo ma nigi ng’eyo motegno.

Mae en gima ywayo wang’ ahinya ne joma loso gige mbui ma timo gik madongo mag-.

IV. Ranyisi mar Tiyo gi Loch matiyo

Kaka ranyisi:

Chip maduong’ mar rito dwaro ni frekwensi mar tiyo mar 125MHz;

E loso, inyalo ti gi ng’injo ma nigi 25MHz, kendo inyalo med frekwensi nyaka 125MHz kokalo kuom PLL ma chipno oger;

E kindeno, saa mar 25MHz inyalo ng’iewo ne gik mamoko (kaka PHY, MAC, kata gik ma nyalo loso saa) kokalo kuom yien mar saa;

Mae miyo bedo gi saa ma achiel, miyo loso saa bedo mayot, kendo dwoko piny pek mag sistem kod pesa ma itiyogo.

Machuok

Gimomiyo gik ma itiyogo e mbui tiyo kod 25MHz kod gik mathoth kaka frekwensi mag kristal inyalo losogi kaka luwogi:

Osilator mag kristal ma ng’ato nyalo ng’iyogo itiyogo ahinya e gige mbui (kadi mag mbui, swich, routa, Ethernet). Kaachiel gi gik ma itiyogo e loso gikmoko, bende wachiwo gik ma nyalo kelo ng’ich ma malo (-55 ~ +125 digri ) kendo wanyalo chiwo gik ma nyalo kelo ng’ich ma nyalo miyo ng’ato otim gik ma nyalo kelo ng’ich. Kapo ni in gi dwaro mowinjore, yie mondo ibed thuolo mar tudore gi jotich mag Hangjing mag uso kata mag teknoloji.